Notes from the trenches of frontend engineering — performance, architecture, and the framework trade-offs I have lived through across React, Vue, and Angular.
Caching is the highest-leverage performance work most teams never do properly. A layered model — HTTP, service worker, data, and CDN — with the headers that actually matter.
A fast, trustworthy pipeline is infrastructure that pays for itself daily. How I structure CI stages, cache aggressively, and ship with preview deploys.
Micro-frontends are an organizational tool, not a default architecture. When Module Federation genuinely helps, how it works, and the failure modes to plan for.
Folder structure is architecture. How layered, feature-first organization with enforced import rules keeps a large frontend from collapsing into spaghetti.
memo, useMemo, and useCallback are not magic. Here is the mental model I use to decide when they actually help — and when they just add noise.
The Composition API gives you freedom — and the freedom to make a mess. Here are the conventions I use to keep composables predictable as a codebase grows.
Standalone components changed how I structure Angular apps. A field guide to migrating incrementally without freezing feature work.